{"id":50345,"date":"2022-12-19T14:04:05","date_gmt":"2022-12-19T13:04:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/societes-humanites\/?p=50345"},"modified":"2022-12-19T14:04:05","modified_gmt":"2022-12-19T13:04:05","slug":"chiffre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/societes-humanites\/chiffre\/","title":{"rendered":"Chiffre"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Olivier Martin est sociologue et statisticien, professeur \u00e0 l’UFR des Sciences Humaines et Sociales, et directeur du Centre de Recherche sur les Liens Sociaux (CERLIS – UMR CNRS 8070).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_image admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbImage couverture\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.22.1″ src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/societes-humanites\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2022\/12\/Chiffre_Aplat_300dpi_RVB.jpg\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500″ module_id=\u00a0\u00bbimage-page\u00a0\u00bb \/][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb2_3″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbPr\u00e9sentation\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.22.1″ module_id=\u00a0\u00bbcontenu\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500″ custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb-15px|||\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Les chiffres, omnipr\u00e9sents, pos\u00e9s comme donn\u00e9s, semblent imposer une v\u00e9rit\u00e9 laquelle nous devrions nous soumettre. Or il est temps de (re)trouver une capacit\u00e9 de les discuter, d’en d\u00e9chiffrer les significations. Il est temps de se ressaisir de ces objets sociaux, pour retrouver une capacit\u00e9 d’en d\u00e9battre, un droit de les critiquer et une libert\u00e9 de les red\u00e9finir.
Chiffres de contamination, mesure de l’intelligence, nombre de ch\u00f4meurs, score de popularit\u00e9, montant de la dette publique, indicateurs de performance… Si les chiffres sont omnipr\u00e9sents dans nos soci\u00e9t\u00e9s, que nous disent-ils r\u00e9ellement ? De quoi parlent-ils exactement ? Davantage qu’une v\u00e9rit\u00e9 sur le monde, ils r\u00e9v\u00e8lent nos besoins de nous coordonner, de trouver des mani\u00e8res de faire des choix et de disposer de conventions pour nous entendre. Ils nous parlent d’une multitude de choses qu’ils contribuent en permanence \u00e0 cr\u00e9er. Fruits de l’activit\u00e9 humaine, ils expriment et mat\u00e9rialisent nos choix, nos valeurs, nos conventions : les chiffres sont des objets sociaux et humains, et non des donn\u00e9es naturelles s’imposant \u00e0 nous.
Tout l’objet de cet ouvrage est ainsi de prendre la mesure des dimensions conventionnelles, sociales et politiques des chiffres, en identifiant les enjeux de pouvoirs auxquels ils sont associ\u00e9s. Ce d\u00e9chiffrage permet de reprendre conscience des choix qui les fondent, de mieux comprendre leurs port\u00e9es r\u00e9elles et qu’ils doivent redevenir les objets politiques qu’ils sont en r\u00e9alit\u00e9, objets politiques qui doivent \u00eatre aussi accessibles au d\u00e9bat d\u00e9mocratique. Il faut donc retrouver une capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u00e9chiffrer les chiffres, en ne se laissant pas intimider par l’autorit\u00e9 que leur conf\u00e8re leur apparente naturalit\u00e9 ou les pouvoirs qui les promeuvent.<\/p>\n

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