{"id":2559,"date":"2021-12-15T15:48:44","date_gmt":"2021-12-15T14:48:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/?p=2559"},"modified":"2022-01-21T11:20:52","modified_gmt":"2022-01-21T10:20:52","slug":"thierry-lefebvre-sur-france-culture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/thierry-lefebvre-sur-france-culture\/","title":{"rendered":"Thierry Lefebvre sur France Culture"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section bb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; next_background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#000000&Prime; inner_width=\u00a0\u00bbauto\u00a0\u00bb inner_max_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.19.11&Prime; module_id=\u00a0\u00bbimage-page-type\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb80%\u00a0\u00bb max_width=\u00a0\u00bb1080px\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb3_4&Prime;][et_pb_image admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbImage 1920 x 1080&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.22.1&Prime; src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2021\/12\/france_culture_0.jpeg\u00a0\u00bb module_id=\u00a0\u00bbimage-page\u00a0\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500&Prime; 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module_id=\u00a0\u00bbcontenu\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; 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header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00a0\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb500&Prime;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"intro\">\n<p>Retrouver Thierry Lefebvre dans l&rsquo;\u00e9mission \u00ab\u00a0le cours de l&rsquo;histoire\u00a0\u00bb par Xavier Mauduit sur France Culture<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.franceculture.fr\/emissions\/le-cours-de-l-histoire\/a-vous-les-studios-une-histoire-de-la-radio\">Ecouter l&rsquo;\u00e9mission<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Le 24 d\u00e9cembre 1921, Radio Tour Eiffel \u00e9mettait la premi\u00e8re \u00e9mission destin\u00e9e \u00e0 un public. La radio devient un rituel familial o\u00f9 l&rsquo;on se retrouve autour du poste. L&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e du transistor permet ensuite une \u00e9coute plus mobile et individuelle. Pr\u00e8s d&rsquo;un si\u00e8cle de pratiques radiophoniques \u00e0 d\u00e9crypter.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-body\">\n<p>Elle est l\u00e0, elle nous accompagne au plus pr\u00e8s de nos vies, dans le salon, pour une \u00e9coute attentive ou un accompagnement lointain. Elle est l\u00e0, quand nous sommes nus sous la douche ou dissimul\u00e9 sous la couette. Toujours l\u00e0, dans la cuisine au moment d\u2019\u00e9plucher les carottes, dans la voiture bien s\u00fbr, et dans la rue, avec le poste coll\u00e9 contre l\u2019oreille, ou avec des \u00e9couteurs. Aujourd\u2019hui, seuls ceux qui ont plus de cent ans peuvent dire \u00eatre n\u00e9s avant la radio, mais personne ne peut affirmer que la radio n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9sente \u00e0 un moment de leur vie. \u00c0 vous les studios donc, pour nous parler au creux de l\u2019oreille.<\/p>\n<h2>Histoire d&rsquo;un m\u00e9dia de masse<\/h2>\n<p>L\u2019histoire de la radio est celle de la <strong>popularisation d\u2019un m\u00e9dia<\/strong> qui devient peu \u00e0 peu une <strong>technologie du quotidien<\/strong>. Instrument d&rsquo;usage militaire et scientifique, la radio entre dans les foyers fran\u00e7ais durant l\u2019entre-deux-guerres comme une <strong>pratique collective<\/strong>. Elle est alors \u00e9mise de mani\u00e8re discontinue et s\u2019\u00e9coute \u00e0 des heures sp\u00e9cifiques. \u00ab\u00a0<em>Au tout d\u00e9but, les \u00e9missions sont r\u00e9guli\u00e8res, mais tr\u00e8s courtes, une heure maximum par jour<\/em>, explique l&rsquo;historien <strong>Thierry Lefebvre<\/strong><em>. On essaye de mettre le manuel du parfait auditeur\u00a0: quelques informations lues par des speakers, le bulletin m\u00e9t\u00e9o, un peu de musique, des d\u00e9clamations de po\u00e8mes.<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Poss\u00e9der une radio TSF, co\u00fbteuse et encombrante, est un moyen de s\u2019int\u00e9grer au sein de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de consommation et de loisir \u00e9mergente dans les ann\u00e9es 1930. La radio devient un <strong>m\u00e9dia du temps libre<\/strong>. L\u2019arriv\u00e9e du <strong>transistor<\/strong> sur le march\u00e9 en 1954, avec son prix accessible et sa portabilit\u00e9, permet de d\u00e9mocratiser l&rsquo;\u00e9coute radiophonique et entra\u00eene une diversification des contenus. L&rsquo;<strong>\u00e9coute personnelle<\/strong>se g\u00e9n\u00e9ralise : la radio n&rsquo;est plus familiale mais individuelle.<\/p>\n<h2>La radio\u00a0: m\u00e9dia de divertissement, d\u2019information ou d&rsquo;\u00e9ducation\u00a0?<\/h2>\n<p>La <strong>radio nationale<\/strong> (RDS-RTS-ORTF) a le monopole des bandes FM de 1945 \u00e0 1981. Face \u00e0 elle se d\u00e9veloppent les <strong>radios p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques<\/strong> telles que RMC ou RTL puis les <strong>radios pirates<\/strong>. \u00ab\u00a0<em>Il y a une divergence entre les deux types de radios<\/em>, analyse <strong>Thierry Lefebvre<\/strong>. <em>L&rsquo;une reste s\u00e9rieuse m\u00eame si elle \u00e9volue, parce que son auditoire a tendance \u00e0 s&rsquo;amincir au fur et \u00e0 mesure de l&rsquo;apparition des p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques. Les radios priv\u00e9es, elles, essayent d&rsquo;attirer le plus large public pour valoriser la publicit\u00e9.<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Tout au long de son histoire, la fonction de la radio a \u00e9t\u00e9 discut\u00e9e\u00a0: est-elle un <strong>m\u00e9dia de divertissement, d\u2019information ou bien d&rsquo;\u00e9ducation<\/strong> ? <strong>C\u00e9line Loriou<\/strong>, doctorante en histoire, cite l&rsquo;\u00e9mission prestigieuse <em>L&rsquo;Heure de culture fran\u00e7aise<\/em> et souligne l&rsquo;ambivalence autour de sa r\u00e9ception\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0L&rsquo;Heure de culture fran\u00e7aise <em>r\u00e9pond \u00e0 la mission \u00e9ducatrice que se donne la radio publique dans les ann\u00e9es 1940-1950. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;\u00e9lever le niveau culturel des auditeurs. Quand on consulte la presse de l&rsquo;\u00e9poque, cependant, on observe des critiques qui reprochent aux historiens et universitaires de ne pas savoir imager leurs causeries et de ne pas savoir les rendre vivantes. [&#8230;] Elles manquent de radiog\u00e9nie.<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb Ainsi, l\u2019histoire de la radio va de pair avec une <strong>histoire de l\u2019oralit\u00e9<\/strong>. La voix, vecteur de connaissance, doit s&rsquo;adapter au dispositif radiophonique.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e9line Loriou<\/strong> donne \u00e9galement l&rsquo;exemple des premi\u00e8res tentatives, dans les ann\u00e9es 1928, d&rsquo;\u00e9missions historiques, qui prennent la forme de <strong>th\u00e9\u00e2tre radiophonique<\/strong>. \u00ab\u00a0<em>On cherche \u00e0 rejouer et reconstituer les grands \u00e9pisodes de la R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise, notamment. Une troupe de com\u00e9diens, dirig\u00e9e par Georges Collin sur Radio Paris, joue pendant plusieurs mois la prise de la Bastille, l&rsquo;assassinat de Marat, le proc\u00e8s de Louis XVI, etc. Cette s\u00e9rie d&rsquo;\u00e9missions est un tr\u00e8s grand succ\u00e8s. On estime qu&rsquo;il n&rsquo;y a pas de moyen plus vivant pour apprendre l&rsquo;histoire.<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Intervenant\u00b7e\u00b7s<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Thierry Lefebvre<\/strong> est ma\u00eetre de conf\u00e9rences en sciences de l&rsquo;information et de la communication \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9 et directeur d\u2019\u00e9tudes du Master Journalisme scientifique. Depuis juin 2019, il est membre de la section \u00ab\u00a0Sciences, Histoire des sciences et des techniques et Arch\u00e9ologie industrielle\u00a0\u00bb du Comit\u00e9 des travaux historiques et scientifiques (CTHS). Il a notamment publi\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nouveau-monde.net\/catalogue\/la-bataille-des-radios-libres-1977-1981\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>La Bataille des radios libres (1977-1981)<\/em><\/a> (Nouveau Monde\/INA, 2008), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.editions-harmattan.fr\/livre-radios_libres_30_ans_de_fm_la_parole_liberee_sebastien_poulain_thierry_lefebvre-9782343103754-52049.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Radios libres, 30 ans de FM. La parole lib\u00e9r\u00e9e\u00a0?<\/em><\/a> (co-dirig\u00e9 avec S\u00e9bastien Poulain, L\u2019Harmattan\/INA \u00c9ditions, 2016), <em>Carbone 14, histoire et l\u00e9gende d&rsquo;une radio pas comme les autres<\/em> (Ina, 2012), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.editions-glyphe.com\/livre\/studio-de-television-a-lecole\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Un studio de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole. Le coll\u00e8ge exp\u00e9rimental audiovisuel de Marly-le-Roi (1966-1992)<\/em><\/a> (avec C\u00e9cile Raynal, \u00c9ditions Glyphe, 2017), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.editions-glyphe.com\/livre\/francois-mitterrand-pirate-des-ondes-laffaire-radio-riposte\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Fran\u00e7ois Mitterrand pirate des ondes. L\u2019affaire Radio Riposte<\/em><\/a> (Le Square \u00c9diteur, 2019), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.editions-glyphe.com\/livre\/6270\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>L\u2019Aventurier des radios libres\u00a0: Jean Ducarroir (1950-2003)<\/em><\/a> (\u00c9ditions Glyphe, 2021) et <a href=\"https:\/\/www.editions-harmattan.fr\/livre-les_radios_locales_histoires_territoires_et_reseaux_thierry_lefebvre_sebastien_poulain-9782343235608-70816.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Les Radios locales\u00a0: histoires, territoires et r\u00e9seaux<\/em><\/a> (co-dirig\u00e9 avec S\u00e9bastien Poulin, L&rsquo;Harmattan\/Ina, 2021).<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e9line Loriou<\/strong> est doctorante \u00e0 l\u2019universit\u00e9 Paris 1 Panth\u00e9on-Sorbonne. Sa th\u00e8se, sous la direction de Myriam Tsikounas, s&rsquo;intitule <em>Les micros de l\u2019histoire. Les \u00e9missions d\u2019histoire diffus\u00e9es \u00e0 la radio fran\u00e7aise (1945-2014)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h2>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences sonores<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Extrait d&rsquo;une reconstitution de la premi\u00e8re \u00e9mission de radio du 26 novembre 2021<\/li>\n<li>Archive de Georges Delamare dans <em>Les d\u00e9buts de la radio\u00a0: souvenirs des pionniers<\/em> &#8211; RDF, 1er janvier 1948<\/li>\n<li>Montage de publicit\u00e9s radiophoniques<\/li>\n<li>Montage de grandes \u00e9missions d&rsquo;histoire avec notamment les voix de Patrice G\u00e9linet, Jean Lebrun, Jean-No\u00ebl Jeanneney, Emmanuel Laurentin<\/li>\n<li>Archive de l&rsquo;\u00e9mission <em>Allo M\u00e9nie<\/em> &#8211; RTL, entre 1969 et 1973<\/li>\n<li>Archive de Jean Ducarroir \u00e0 l&rsquo;occasion des Assises des radios libres dans <em>Soir 3<\/em> &#8211; FR3, 7 juin 1981<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_4&Prime;][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; specialty=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb prev_background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#000000&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.19.11&Prime; custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||0px|\u00a0\u00bb inner_width=\u00a0\u00bbauto\u00a0\u00bb inner_max_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.19.11&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb80%\u00a0\u00bb max_width=\u00a0\u00bb1080px\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime;][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbArticles similaires\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.16.1&Prime;]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"st\">\u00c0<\/span> lire aussi<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_blog _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.21&Prime; posts_number=\u00a0\u00bb4&Prime; include_categories=\u00a0\u00bb38,45,14,12,11,15,1,13&Prime; show_author=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb show_date=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb show_pagination=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_width_bottom_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_bottom_fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bbrgba(51,51,51,0.18)\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb||50px|\u00a0\u00bb module_id=\u00a0\u00bbpage_type_blog\u00a0\u00bb header_level=\u00a0\u00bbh4&Prime; \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row_empty\"><\/div>\n<p> \u00a9 Tous droits r\u00e9serv\u00e9s <\/p>\n<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_1 et_pb_row_empty\"><\/div>\n<p> Retrouver Thierry Lefebvre dans l&rsquo;\u00e9mission \u00ab\u00a0le cours de l&rsquo;histoire\u00a0\u00bb par Xavier Mauduit sur France CultureEcouter l&rsquo;\u00e9missionLe 24 d\u00e9cembre 1921, Radio Tour Eiffel \u00e9mettait la premi\u00e8re \u00e9mission destin\u00e9e \u00e0 un public. La radio devient un rituel familial o\u00f9 l&rsquo;on se retrouve autour du poste. L&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e du transistor permet ensuite une&hellip; <a class=\"continue\" href=\"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/thierry-lefebvre-sur-france-culture\/\">Lire la suite<span> Thierry Lefebvre sur France Culture<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":73,"featured_media":2560,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2559","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cerilac","category-evenements-passes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2559","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/73"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2559"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2559\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2561,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2559\/revisions\/2561"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2560"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2559"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2559"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress-test.app.u-pariscite.fr\/cerilac\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2559"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}